Technical Articles
Deep dive into wireless technologies with our expert-written technical guides and tutorials.
5G NR
In-depth articles on 5G New Radio architecture, protocols, and optimization.
LTE
Comprehensive guides on 4G LTE mechanics, signaling, and features.
6G
Future-looking insights into 6G research, trends, and vision.
Latest Publications
Measurement report Event A3 in 5G NR
Measurement report Event A3 in 5G NR
Common Causes of MSG2 RACH Failure in 5G NR
Understand the common reasons for MSG2 (RAR) failure in the 5G NR Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure and how to troubleshoot them.
RACH Failure reasons in 5G-NR
RACH Failure can happen due to Multiple issues and there might be multiple reasons, I have listed down a list of RACH Failure reasons that can happen in 5G-NR.
RRC Reestablishment request in 5G NR
A detailed look at the 5G NR RRC Reestablishment procedure, including triggers, fallback mechanisms, and ASN.1 message structures.
Measurement report Event A5 in 5G NR
A detailed guide on 5G NR Measurement Event A5: SpCell becomes worse than threshold1 and neighbour becomes better than threshold2.
Cell Defining SSB (CD-SSB) in 5G NR
Understand the concept of Cell-Defining SSB (CD-SSB) in 5G NR, its role in cell selection, and how it differs from other SSBs.
Measurement report Event A1 in 5G NR
Understand Measurement Event A1 in 5G NR: Serving cell becomes better than threshold. Learn about triggering conditions, hysteresis, and TTT.
Self-Contained Slot in 5G NR
What is a Self-Contained Slot in 5G NR? Learn how it reduces latency by combining Downlink, Uplink, and Guard periods in a single slot.
Beam Correspondence in 5G NR FR2
Understanding Tx/Rx Beam Correspondence in 5G NR FR2, its requirements, and UE capability indications.
Can the Same 5G Cell be used for NSA and SA?
Learn how the same 5G NR cell can support both Non-Standalone (NSA) and Standalone (SA) modes, and how UEs distinguish between them.
5G NR Timers and Constants
A comprehensive list of all 5G NR UE Timers, Counters, and Constants configured by the network and used by the UE during RRC_Connected and IDLE modes.
Measurement Report Event A2 in 5G NR
Explore Measurement Event A2 in 5G NR: monitoring serving cell signal quality to optimize handovers and maintain connection stability.
NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC) Explained
Understand NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NR-DC), where a UE connects to a Master Node and Secondary Node in 5G NR. Learn about protocol architecture, signaling, and bearers.
Understanding NCD-SSB (Non-Cell Defining SSB) in 5G NR Rel-17
Explore Non-Cell Defining SSB (NCD-SSB) in 5G NR Release 17, its role in RedCap, and how it differs from CD-SSB.
SCG Failure in 5G | Radio Link Failure
A deep dive into Subcarrier Spacings (SCS) and how they affect the 5G New Radio frame structure.
The Vision for 6G
What to expect from the next generation of wireless connectivity: Terahertz waves and AI-native networks.
PDCCH order in 5G NR
Learn how the 5G network uses PDCCH Order via DCI Format 1_0 to force UE RACH triggers and restore uplink synchronization.
Introduction to LTE Advanced
Exploring the foundations of Long Term Evolution (LTE) and its evolution to LTE-Advanced.
Understanding 5G NR Numerologies
A deep dive into Subcarrier Spacings (SCS) and how they affect the 5G New Radio frame structure.
Scheduling Request in 5G-NR
An in-depth look at the Scheduling Request (SR) procedure in 5G NR, covering RRC configurations, logical channel mapping, and PUCCH resources.